img

Lolium perenne

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Lolium

perennial ryegrass

img

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

img

Synonyms (71)

Festuca perennis (L.) Columbus & J.P.Sm. (2010)
Hordeum compressum Boiss. & Orph. (1884)
Lolium aechicum Rouville (1853)
Lolium agreste Roem. & Schult. (1817)
Lolium annuum Bernh. (1801)
Lolium brasilianum Nees (1829)
Lolium canadense Bernh. ex Rouville (1853)
Lolium cechicum Opiz (1836)
Lolium compressum Boiss. & Orph. ex Nyman (1859)
Lolium cristatum Pers. ex B.D.Jacks. (1894)
Lolium felix Rouville (1853)
Lolium glumosum Planellas (1852)
Lolium gmelinii Honck. (1782)
Lolium halleri C.C.Gmel. (1805)
Lolium jechelianum Opiz (1852)
Lolium latum Roth ex Steud. (1821)
Lolium marschallii Steven (1857)
Lolium montevidense Rouville (1853)
Lolium perenne f. compositum (Schrad.) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne f. microstachyum R.Uechtr. (1880)
Lolium perenne f. polyanthum (Beck) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne f. tenue (L.) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne subsp. compositum (Schrad.) Arcang. (1882)
Lolium perenne subsp. cristatum (Pers.) K.Richt. (1890)
Lolium perenne subsp. ramosum Arcang. (1882)
Lolium perenne subsp. stoloniferum (C.Lawson) Wipff (2010)
Lolium perenne subsp. tenue (L.) K.Richt. (1890)
Lolium perenne subsp. trabutii (Hochr.) Dobignard (2009)
Lolium perenne var. angustifolium Parn. (1842)
Lolium perenne var. aristatum Coss. & Germ. (1861)
Lolium perenne var. aristulatum Schur (1866)
Lolium perenne var. auriculatum Hack. (1877)
Lolium perenne var. brasilianum (Nees) Kuntze (1898)
Lolium perenne var. commune Alef. (1866)
Lolium perenne var. compositum Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. compressum Sibth. (1794)
Lolium perenne var. condensatum Schur (1866)
Lolium perenne var. confertum Spenn. (1825)
Lolium perenne var. cristatum Pers. (1805)
Lolium perenne var. furcatum Godr. (1856)
Lolium perenne var. geniculatum Hallier (1863)
Lolium perenne var. humile Gaudin (1828)
Lolium perenne var. longiglume Grantzow (1860)
Lolium perenne var. monstrosum G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium perenne var. orgiale Döll (1855)
Lolium perenne var. pacyanum Plues (1867)
Lolium perenne var. pacyi Sturtev. (1993)
Lolium perenne var. paleaceum Döll (1855)
Lolium perenne var. paniculatum Gray (1822)
Lolium perenne var. pauciflorum Asch. & Graebn. (1902)
Lolium perenne var. polyanthum Beck (1890)
Lolium perenne var. purpurascens Gray (1822)
Lolium perenne var. ramosum G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium perenne var. russellianum Sinclair (1824)
Lolium perenne var. scabriculme Maire (1942)
Lolium perenne var. secundum Tinant (1836)
Lolium perenne var. sphaerostachuym Mast. (1863)
Lolium perenne var. spicatum Schumach. (1801)
Lolium perenne var. spurium Kirschl. (1857)
Lolium perenne var. stickneiensis G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium perenne var. stoloniferum C.Lawson (1836)
Lolium perenne var. tenue (L.) Huds. (1778)
Lolium perenne var. viviparum Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. vulgare Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. whitworthiense G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium pseudoitalicum Schur (1866)
Lolium repens Honck. (1782)
Lolium rosetlanum Fig. & Delile ex Rouville (1853)
Lolium tenue L. (1762)
Lolium trabutii Hochr. (1904)
Lolium vulgare Host (1801)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Lana'i Potentially naturalizing
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 83 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1561 (H); Starr et al. 2003:30 (EM); Frohlich & Lau 2008:8 (O); Herbst & Wagner 1999:28 (KEY); Faccenda 2023c:123 (K); Faccenda & Sprague 2024:147 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lolium perenne L. east maui, haleakala national park, kalahaku overlook, next to parking area open stand on steep slope near head wall with Aleurites; Psidium guajava; Panicum maximum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 001026-2 Oahu BISH 10/26/2000
2 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Haleakala National Park, Kalahaku overlook, next to parking area Growing in cinders. Assoc. vegetation: Dubautia menziesii, pukiawe, silverswords, Erodium sp. and other weedy grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 001026-2 Maui BISH 10/26/2000
3 Lolium perenne L. makakilo; utm 2362789 595525 Dry Lowland housing development construction site, growing in bare soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, a. frohlich, d.; oed collector number: 2007040502 Oahu BISH 4/5/2007
4 Lolium perenne L. S Kohala, Waikii, aalii paddock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2071 Hawaii BISH 5/24/1938
5 Lolium perenne L. parker ranch, kaala Planted pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 315 Hawaii BISH 6/9/1933
6 Lolium perenne L. s kohala, waikii, aalii paddock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 2071 Molokai BISH 5/24/1938
7 Lolium perenne L. Haleiwa, Opaeula Road, off of "bypass" road hydro-mulched roadside slope; growing thru burlap type fabric amongst misc. other plants, buffel grass; abundant. Full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Azama, B. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1999
8 Lolium perenne L. Parker Ranch, Paauhau no 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 3460 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1909
9 Lolium perenne L. hawaii or maui ? PRESERVED_SPECIMEN collector number: s.n. BISH 8/8/1913
10 Lolium perenne L. puu laau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 537 Hawaii BISH 4/20/1943
11 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
12 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau Weed growing near the hunter's cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5203 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
13 Lolium perenne L. Hawai`i or Maui ? PreservedSpecimen Collector Number: s.n. BISH Specimen 3/27/1905
14 Lolium perenne L. near old parker ranch headquarters PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4138 Hawaii BISH 4/6/1936
15 Lolium perenne L. puu laau Weed growing near the hunter's cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 5203 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
16 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kahakapao, along rd to Piiholo Water Treatment facility OBSERVATION Curtis Daehler Maui HAPI 3/25/2007
17 Lolium perenne L. N. Hilo, Humuula (sheep station) Pasture land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 169 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
18 Lolium perenne L. east maui, makawao district, kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
19 Lolium perenne L. Hawaii or Maui ? PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. BISH 3/27/1905
20 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 537 Hawaii BISH 4/20/1943
21 Lolium perenne L. Makakilo; UTM 2362789 595525 Dry Lowland housing development construction site, growing in bare soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, A. 2007040502 Oahu BISH 4/5/2007
22 Lolium perenne L. puu laau, w slope of mauna kea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 215 Oahu BISH 5/29/1932
23 Lolium perenne L. Near Old Parker Ranch Headquarters PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4138 Hawaii BISH 4/6/1936
24 Lolium perenne L. Parker Ranch, Kaala Planted pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 315 Hawaii BISH 6/9/1933
25 Lolium perenne L. parker ranch, paauhau no 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 3460 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1909
26 Lolium perenne L. n. hilo, humuula (sheep station) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 169 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
27 Lolium perenne L. Training Area 4. SW of Malahini Road Topraphy: level Substrate: ash and pahoehoe Associates: Myoporum sandwicense, Eragrostis atropioides, Bromus willdenowii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 3649B Hawaii BISH
28 Lolium perenne L. training area 4. sw of malahini road Ohia-koa dieback. Soil a somewhat poorly drained ash found over an unknown substrate. Primary vegetation: Acacia koa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Psidium cattleianum, Cheirodendron trigynum, Antidesma platyphyllum & Vaccinium calycinum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN collector number: 3649b Hawaii BISH
29 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Haleakala National Park, Kalahaku overlook, next to parking area Growing in cinders. Assoc. vegetation: Dubautia menziesii, pukiawe, silverswords, Erodium sp. and other weedy grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 001026-2 Maui BISH 10/26/2000
30 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau, W slope of Mauna Kea Dry grass land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 215 Hawaii BISH 5/29/1932
31 Lolium perenne L. Kaonoulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50123 Maui PTBG 5/20/2001
32 Lolium perenne L. E. Maui, Kahakapao. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50218 Maui PTBG 5/25/2002
33 Lolium perenne L. Honolulu, Fort Shafter, grounds around Fort Shafter PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13859 Oahu US 6/23/2016
34 Lolium perenne L. Lawai Valley, NTBG, Pump Six. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 903 Kauai PTBG 7/31/1984
35 Lolium perenne L. honolulu, fort shafter, grounds around fort shafter PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13859 Oahu US 6/23/1916
36 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
37 Lolium perenne L. Kamole, at Polipoli State Park. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H70078 Maui PTBG 7/7/2000
38 Lolium perenne L. small valley ne of puu hapapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & k. park 10760 Maui US 8/7/1932
39 Lolium perenne L. Small valley NE of Puu Hapapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Park, K. K. 10760 Oahu US 8/7/1932
40 Lolium perenne L. east maui, haleakala national park, kalahaku overlook, next to parking area open stand on steep slope near head wall with Aleurites; Psidium guajava; Panicum maximum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. martz, k. collector number: 001026-2 Oahu BISH 10/26/2000
41 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Haleakala National Park, Kalahaku overlook, next to parking area Growing in cinders. Assoc. vegetation: Dubautia menziesii, pukiawe, silverswords, Erodium sp. and other weedy grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. Martz, K. Collector Number: 001026-2 Maui BISH 10/26/2000
42 Lolium perenne L. makakilo; utm 2362789 595525 Dry Lowland housing development construction site, growing in bare soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, a. frohlich, d.; oed collector number: 2007040502 Oahu BISH 4/5/2007
43 Lolium perenne L. S Kohala, Waikii, aalii paddock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2071 Hawaii BISH 5/24/1938
44 Lolium perenne L. parker ranch, kaala Planted pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 315 Hawaii BISH 6/9/1933
45 Lolium perenne L. s kohala, waikii, aalii paddock PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 2071 Molokai BISH 5/24/1938
46 Lolium perenne L. Haleiwa, Opaeula Road, off of "bypass" road hydro-mulched roadside slope; growing thru burlap type fabric amongst misc. other plants, buffel grass; abundant. Full sun PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Azama, B. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/24/1999
47 Lolium perenne L. Parker Ranch, Paauhau no 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 3460 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1909
48 Lolium perenne L. hawaii or maui ? PRESERVED_SPECIMEN collector number: s.n. BISH 8/8/1913
49 Lolium perenne L. puu laau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fagerlund, g.o. mitchell, a.l. collector number: 537 Hawaii BISH 4/20/1943
50 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
51 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau Weed growing near the hunter's cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5203 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
52 Lolium perenne L. Hawai`i or Maui ? PreservedSpecimen Collector Number: s.n. BISH Specimen 3/27/1905
53 Lolium perenne L. near old parker ranch headquarters PRESERVED_SPECIMEN whitney, l.d. collector number: 4138 Hawaii BISH 4/6/1936
54 Lolium perenne L. puu laau Weed growing near the hunter's cabin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 5203 Hawaii BISH 1/18/1975
55 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kahakapao, along rd to Piiholo Water Treatment facility OBSERVATION Curtis Daehler Maui HAPI 3/25/2007
56 Lolium perenne L. N. Hilo, Humuula (sheep station) Pasture land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 169 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
57 Lolium perenne L. east maui, makawao district, kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
58 Lolium perenne L. Hawaii or Maui ? PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. BISH 3/27/1905
59 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 537 Hawaii BISH 4/20/1943
60 Lolium perenne L. Makakilo; UTM 2362789 595525 Dry Lowland housing development construction site, growing in bare soil. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, A. 2007040502 Oahu BISH 4/5/2007
61 Lolium perenne L. puu laau, w slope of mauna kea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 215 Oahu BISH 5/29/1932
62 Lolium perenne L. Near Old Parker Ranch Headquarters PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Whitney, L.D. 4138 Hawaii BISH 4/6/1936
63 Lolium perenne L. Parker Ranch, Kaala Planted pasture. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 315 Hawaii BISH 6/9/1933
64 Lolium perenne L. parker ranch, paauhau no 2 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 3460 Hawaii BISH 6/1/1909
65 Lolium perenne L. n. hilo, humuula (sheep station) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN ewart iii, g.r. collector number: 169 Hawaii BISH 5/2/1932
66 Lolium perenne L. Training Area 4. SW of Malahini Road Topraphy: level Substrate: ash and pahoehoe Associates: Myoporum sandwicense, Eragrostis atropioides, Bromus willdenowii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN 3649B Hawaii BISH
67 Lolium perenne L. training area 4. sw of malahini road Ohia-koa dieback. Soil a somewhat poorly drained ash found over an unknown substrate. Primary vegetation: Acacia koa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Psidium cattleianum, Cheirodendron trigynum, Antidesma platyphyllum & Vaccinium calycinum. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN collector number: 3649b Hawaii BISH
68 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Haleakala National Park, Kalahaku overlook, next to parking area Growing in cinders. Assoc. vegetation: Dubautia menziesii, pukiawe, silverswords, Erodium sp. and other weedy grasses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 001026-2 Maui BISH 10/26/2000
69 Lolium perenne L. Puu Laau, W slope of Mauna Kea Dry grass land. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Ewart III, G.R. 215 Hawaii BISH 5/29/1932
70 Lolium perenne L. Kaonoulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50123 Maui PTBG 5/20/2001
71 Lolium perenne L. E. Maui, Kahakapao. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50218 Maui PTBG 5/25/2002
72 Lolium perenne L. Honolulu, Fort Shafter, grounds around Fort Shafter PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13859 Oahu US 6/23/2016
73 Lolium perenne L. Lawai Valley, NTBG, Pump Six. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 903 Kauai PTBG 7/31/1984
74 Lolium perenne L. honolulu, fort shafter, grounds around fort shafter PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13859 Oahu US 6/23/1916
75 Lolium perenne L. East Maui, Makawao District, Kaonoulu In pastures. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50123 Maui BISH 5/20/2001
76 Lolium perenne L. Kamole, at Polipoli State Park. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H70078 Maui PTBG 7/7/2000
77 Lolium perenne L. small valley ne of puu hapapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & k. park 10760 Maui US 8/7/1932
78 Lolium perenne L. Small valley NE of Puu Hapapa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Park, K. K. 10760 Oahu US 8/7/1932
Back to Top