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Lolium perenne

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Lolium

perennial ryegrass

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (71)

Festuca perennis (L.) Columbus & J.P.Sm. (2010)
Hordeum compressum Boiss. & Orph. (1884)
Lolium aechicum Rouville (1853)
Lolium agreste Roem. & Schult. (1817)
Lolium annuum Bernh. (1801)
Lolium brasilianum Nees (1829)
Lolium canadense Bernh. ex Rouville (1853)
Lolium cechicum Opiz (1836)
Lolium compressum Boiss. & Orph. ex Nyman (1859)
Lolium cristatum Pers. ex B.D.Jacks. (1894)
Lolium felix Rouville (1853)
Lolium glumosum Planellas (1852)
Lolium gmelinii Honck. (1782)
Lolium halleri C.C.Gmel. (1805)
Lolium jechelianum Opiz (1852)
Lolium latum Roth ex Steud. (1821)
Lolium marschallii Steven (1857)
Lolium montevidense Rouville (1853)
Lolium perenne f. compositum (Schrad.) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne f. microstachyum R.Uechtr. (1880)
Lolium perenne f. polyanthum (Beck) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne f. tenue (L.) Neuman (1901)
Lolium perenne subsp. compositum (Schrad.) Arcang. (1882)
Lolium perenne subsp. cristatum (Pers.) K.Richt. (1890)
Lolium perenne subsp. ramosum Arcang. (1882)
Lolium perenne subsp. stoloniferum (C.Lawson) Wipff (2010)
Lolium perenne subsp. tenue (L.) K.Richt. (1890)
Lolium perenne subsp. trabutii (Hochr.) Dobignard (2009)
Lolium perenne var. angustifolium Parn. (1842)
Lolium perenne var. aristatum Coss. & Germ. (1861)
Lolium perenne var. aristulatum Schur (1866)
Lolium perenne var. auriculatum Hack. (1877)
Lolium perenne var. brasilianum (Nees) Kuntze (1898)
Lolium perenne var. commune Alef. (1866)
Lolium perenne var. compositum Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. compressum Sibth. (1794)
Lolium perenne var. condensatum Schur (1866)
Lolium perenne var. confertum Spenn. (1825)
Lolium perenne var. cristatum Pers. (1805)
Lolium perenne var. furcatum Godr. (1856)
Lolium perenne var. geniculatum Hallier (1863)
Lolium perenne var. humile Gaudin (1828)
Lolium perenne var. longiglume Grantzow (1860)
Lolium perenne var. monstrosum G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium perenne var. orgiale Döll (1855)
Lolium perenne var. pacyanum Plues (1867)
Lolium perenne var. pacyi Sturtev. (1993)
Lolium perenne var. paleaceum Döll (1855)
Lolium perenne var. paniculatum Gray (1822)
Lolium perenne var. pauciflorum Asch. & Graebn. (1902)
Lolium perenne var. polyanthum Beck (1890)
Lolium perenne var. purpurascens Gray (1822)
Lolium perenne var. ramosum Sm. (1800)
Lolium perenne var. russellianum Sinclair (1824)
Lolium perenne var. scabriculme Maire (1942)
Lolium perenne var. secundum Tinant (1836)
Lolium perenne var. sphaerostachuym Mast. (1863)
Lolium perenne var. spicatum Schumach. (1801)
Lolium perenne var. spurium Kirschl. (1857)
Lolium perenne var. stickneiensis G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium perenne var. stoloniferum C.Lawson (1836)
Lolium perenne var. tenue (L.) Huds. (1778)
Lolium perenne var. viviparum Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. vulgare Schrad. (1806)
Lolium perenne var. whitworthiense G.Sinclair (1825)
Lolium pseudoitalicum Schur (1866)
Lolium repens Honck. (1782)
Lolium rosetlanum Fig. & Delile ex Rouville (1853)
Lolium tenue L. (1762)
Lolium trabutii Hochr. (1904)
Lolium vulgare Host (1801)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Lana'i Potentially naturalizing
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 83 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1561 (H); Starr et al. 2003:30 (EM); Frohlich & Lau 2008:8 (O); Herbst & Wagner 1999:28 (KEY); Faccenda 2023c:123 (K); Faccenda & Sprague 2024:147 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lolium perenne Kukaiau, Hamakua In pasture under Koa trees Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1544 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-27
2 Lolium perenne Near Old Parker Ranch Headquarters Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4138 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-06
3 Lolium perenne S Kohala, Waikii, aalii paddock Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2071 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-24
4 Lolium perenne Parker Ranch, Paauhau no 2 Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3460 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
5 Lolium perenne Kula Preserved_Specimen Smith, J.G. Maui BISH 1902-10-01
6 Lolium perenne Hawaii or Maui ? Preserved_Specimen BISH 1913-01-01
7 Lolium perenne Puu Laau Weed growing near the hunter's cabin. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5203 Hawaii BISH 1975-01-18
8 Lolium perenne East Maui, Makawao District, Kaonoulu In pastures. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 50123 Maui BISH 2001-05-20
9 Lolium perenne Kilauea, Kau, Hawaii National Park In open place in pasture Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1412 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-03
10 Lolium perenne Kukaiau, Hamakua Pasture under koa trees Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1563 Hawaii BISH 1936-08-28
11 Lolium perenne Kahuku - Ainapo Trail, Mauana Loa Planted near mountain house. In open moist places Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1460 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-28
12 Lolium perenne Kaliau ranch, North Kohala Open pasture Preserved_Specimen Common Hosaka, E.Y. 1553 Hawaii BISH 1956-08-29
13 Lolium perenne Haleiwa, Opaeula Road, off of bypass road hydro-mulched roadside slope; growing thru burlap type fabric amongst misc. other plants, buffel grass; abundant. Full sun Preserved_Specimen Azama, B. Oahu BISH 1999-06-24
14 Lolium perenne East Maui, Haleakala National Park, Kalahaku overlook, next to parking area Growing in cinders. Assoc. vegetation: Dubautia menziesii, pukiawe, silverswords, Erodium sp. and other weedy grasses. Preserved_Specimen Grass; leaf blades 1-3mm wide; lemma awnless. Starr, F. 10262 Maui BISH 2000-10-26
15 Lolium perenne N. Hilo, Humuula (sheep station) Pasture land. Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 169 Hawaii BISH 1932-05-02
16 Lolium perenne Makakilo; UTM 2362789 595525 Dry Lowland housing development construction site, growing in bare soil. Preserved_Specimen Clump forming grass to .5 m. Lau, A. 2007040502 Oahu BISH 2007-04-05
17 Lolium perenne Lanai city, near Sensei and Adventure Center. Roadside, sunny, moist, often mowed area. Preserved_Specimen Rare, only two plants seen in area. Faccenda, K. 3133 Lanai BISH 2023-06-19
18 Lolium perenne Puu Laau, W slope of Mauna Kea Dry grass land. Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 215 Hawaii BISH 1932-05-29
19 Lolium perenne Parker Ranch, Kaala Planted pasture. Preserved_Specimen Annual. Ewart III, G.R. 315 Hawaii BISH 1933-06-09
20 Lolium perenne Palihooukapapa, Upper Paahhau, Hamapua In open pasture. Preserved_Specimen Abundant Hosaka, E.Y. 1559 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-08
21 Lolium perenne Waikii, south Kohala In open pasture. Preserved_Specimen Occasional Hosaka, E.Y. 1598 Hawaii BISH 1936-09-11
22 Lolium perenne Training Area 4. SW of Malahini Road Topraphy: level Substrate: ash and pahoehoe Associates: Myoporum sandwicense, Eragrostis atropioides, Bromus willdenowii. Preserved_Specimen 3649 Hawaii BISH
23 Lolium perenne Puu Laau Preserved_Specimen Bunch grass 2 feet tall. Fagerlund, G.O. 537 Hawaii BISH 1943-04-20
24 Lolium perenne East Maui, Makawao District, Kahakapao, along rd to Piiholo Water Treatment facility OBSERVATION Curtis Daehler Maui HAPI 3/25/2007
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